[73] It was constructed after the Queen Mother moved into the Topkapı Palace in the late 16th century from the Old Palace (Eski Saray), but had to be rebuilt after the fire of 1665 between 1666 and 1668. A secret door behind a mirror allowed the sultan a safe passage. Adjoining it is the tiled Harem Mosque with its baroque mihrab (niche in a minaret indicating the direction of Mecca). The Sultan sat before the gate on his Bayram throne on religious, festive days and accession, when the subjects and officials perform their homage standing. In its cupboards, records of deeds of trust were kept, administered by the Chief Harem Eunuch. The kitchens included dormitories, baths and a mosque for the employees, most of which disappeared over time. The Courtyard of the Queen Mother (Valide Sultan Taşlığı’), the Courtyard of the Chief Consort of the Sultan (Baş Haseki), the apartments of the Princes (Şehzadegân Daireleri), and the apartments of the Sultan (Hünkâr Dairesi) open to this passage. De 1465 à 1853, il est la résidence de ville, principale et officielle, du sultan ottoman. The main entrance (Cümle Kapisi) separates the harem in which the family and the concubines of the sultan resided from the Courtyard of the Eunuchs. [25], Surrounded by high walls, the First Courtyard (I. Avlu or Alay Meydanı) functioned as an outer precinct or park and is the largest of all the courtyards of the palace. At the end of the court is the apartment of the black chief eunuch (Kızlar Ağası), the fourth high-ranking official in the official protocol. Select from premium Palais De Topkapi of the highest quality. [32] It is surrounded by the former palace hospital, bakery, Janissary quarters, stables, the imperial harem and Divan to the north and the kitchens to the south. the name Topkapı, meaning Cannon Gate, in the 19th century. The small Circumcision Room (Sünnet Odası) was used for the ritual that admits Muslim boys to manhood. [10] The Ottoman court was initially set up in the Old Palace (Eski Saray), today the site of Istanbul University in Beyazit Square. [14] A strict, ceremonial, codified daily life ensured imperial seclusion from the rest of world. Construction, ordered by the Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, began in 1459, six years after the conquest of Constantinople. The gate has a dome supported by lean marble pillars. This inscription was added during the reign of Sultan Ahmed III. It closely resembles the Yerevan Kiosk. The two gilded baldachin beds date from the 18th century. The earliest of the 300-odd rooms in the Harem were constructed during the reign of Murat III (r 1574–95); the harems of previous sultans were at the now-demolished Eski Sarayı (Old Palace), near present-day Beyazıt Meydanı. The rococo decorations on the façade and inside the Imperial Council date from this period. Passage through the gate was tightly controlled and all visitors had to dismount, since only the sultan was allowed to enter the gate on horseback. Important officials and foreign ambassadors were brought to this little kiosk to conduct the high business of state. The interior is an example of an ideal Ottoman room. It underwent restoration after the 1665 fire and is the smallest courtyard of the Harem. The sultan, seated on a huge divan, inspected the ambassadors' gifts and offerings as they were passed through the doorway on the left. Today this is the gate from which the visitors exit from the Harem. As popular belief would have it, the Harem was a place where the sultan could engage in debauchery at will. [39] The Chinese porcelain collection ranges from the late Song Dynasty (960-1279) and the Yuan Dynasty (1280–1368), through the Ming Dynasty (1368–1644) to the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911). Next to the gate is the Dormitory of the Corps of the Palace Guards, a meticulously restored two-storey structure featuring swathes of magnificent 16th- and 17th-century İznik tiles. The Ottoman Empire had expanded rapidly and Suleyman wanted his residence to reflect its growing power. Quelle meilleure façon de revivre la vie de l'époque? Back through the Privy Chamber of Murat III are two of the most beautiful rooms in the Harem – the Twin Kiosk/Apartments of the Crown Prince. [18], By the end of the 16th century, the palace had acquired its present appearance. Ahmed Kütüphanesi), is located directly behind the Audience Chamber (Arz Odası) in the centre of the Third Court. [63] The dormitory was constructed under Sultan Murad IV in 1635. 21 déc. Muze Istanbul use cookies for functional and analytical purposes. The Tower of Justice is several stories high and the tallest structure in the palace, making it clearly visible from the Bosphorus as a landmark. [77] It was redecorated in the rococo style in the middle of the 18th century. The last remaining seashore structure that still exists today is the Basketmakers' Kiosk, constructed in 1592 by Sultan Murad III. In the displays, one can see old and very precious Qur'ans (12th to 17th centuries), hand-painted and hand-written in Kufic, and also a Bible from the 4th century, written in Arabic. Most of the pavilions along with some of the seaside walls and gates were destroyed when the railway lines leading to the Sirkeci railway station were constructed in the late 19th century. [citation needed] Seen from above, the palace grounds are divided into four main courtyards and the harem. The Second Court has a beautiful park-like setting. [65], Since many of the walls of the palace are ten feet thick, it mostly escaped structural damage during the 1999 İzmit earthquake. The paintwork of the wooden dome is still original and is an example of the rich designs of the late 16th/early 17th centuries. In other cases, two trees of a different kind have grown and fused together, such as a fig tree that grew in the hollow of another tree and effectively grafted with it. It has also been used as a vantage point for the ladies of the harem on special occasions. The apartments of the Queen Mother are connected by a passage, leading into the Queen Mother's bathroom, to the quarters of the sultan. The sultan used this passage to pass to the Harem, the Privy Chamber and the Sofa-i Hümâyûn, the Imperial terrace. The sultan's bath was decorated by Sinan with high-quality İznik polychrome tiles. Topkapi Palace was home to all the Ottoman sultans until the reign of Abdulmecid I (1839-1860), a period of nearly four centuries. Some are fine examples of inlay work with nacre and ivory. The main chamber Kubbealtı is, however, decorated with Ottoman Kütahya tiles.[45]. Adjacent to the dormitory, located northeast, is the Conqueror's Pavilion, which houses the Imperial Treasury. Le Palais De Topkapi a été construit en 1459, sur l’acropole de l’antique Byzance , s’étalant sur la bagatelle … [26] Some of the historical structures of the First Courtyard no longer exist. Regina Krahl (Author), Nurdan Erbahar (Author), John Ayers (Author). Pass through the Imperial Gate into the First Court, which is known as the Court of the Janissaries or the Parade Court. The inscription on the facade of the dormitory includes the deeds of trust of the Sultans Mustafa IV, Mahmud II and Abdül Mecid I dating from the 19th century. The Kiosk of the Swordbearer (Silahdar Köşkü) used to stand in its place. This throne would be set up in front of the Gate of Felicity on special audiences. It has many exhibion halls, Treasury section, and Harem. This dagger gained more fame[65] as the object of the heist depicted of the film Topkapi. Up steps from the Mecidiye Kiosk is the Head Physician’s Pavilion. The Chief Physician (Hekim Başı) and the Chief Tutor shared this place as their residence. The tile panels on either side of the door were placed during later repair work. The Apartments of the Queen Mother (Valide Sultan Dairesi), together with the apartments of the sultan, form the largest and most important section in the harem. Here the sultan received his confidants, guests, his mother, his first wife (Hasseki), consorts, and his children. The restored three-tiered marble fountain was designed to give the sound of cascading water and to make it difficult to eavesdrop on the sultan's conversations. In between is the school for the imperial princes, with precious tiles from the 17th and 18th centuries and gilded wainscoting. PLAN ORIENTATION. From the mid-18th century onwards, the building was used as the library of the Privy Chamber. On the other side of the great bedchamber there are two smaller rooms: first the Privy Chamber of Ahmed I (I. Ahmed Has Odası), richly decorated with İznik glazed tiles. Past these rooms is the Courtyard of the Favourites. Beyond this room is the Courtyard of the Black Eunuchs, also decorated with Kütahya tiles. This arcade may have been built on the site of the Temple of Poseidon that was transformed before the 10th century into the Church of St. Many of the rooms and features in the Harem were designed by Mimar Sinan. Both contain most of their original decoration,[65] with projecting eaves, a central dome and interior with recessed cupboards and woodwork with inlaid nacre tesserae. The school room of the princes under the control of the Chief Harem eunuch was on the upper story. From the beginning of the 17th century onward, the princes lived in the Harem, which started to have a voice in the palace administration. Numerous artifacts from the Roman and Byzantine periods that have been found on the palace site during recent excavations, including sarcophagi, are on display in the Second Courtyard in front of the imperial kitchens. It was restored in 1704 by Sultan Ahmed III and rebuilt in 1752 by Mahmud I in the Rococo style. But much of the tile decoration of the harem, from structures damaged by the fire of 1574, was recycled by Sultan Ahmed I for decoration in his new Sultan Ahmed Mosque in Istanbul. Also worth seeking out is the Kasıkçı (Spoonmaker’s) Diamond, a teardrop-shaped 86-carat rock surrounded by dozens of smaller stones that was first worn by Mehmet IV at his accession to the throne in 1648. 3 mai 2015 - Cette épingle a été découverte par Les Voyages d'Emeline. Upon entering the Harem, the girls would be schooled in Islam and in Turkish culture and language, as well as the arts of make-up, dress, comportment, music, reading, writing, embroidery and dancing. Use the scroll wheel to zoom at the details. The dormitory is vaulted and is supported by 14 columns. [citation needed], In 1574, after a great fire destroyed the kitchens, Mimar Sinan was entrusted by Sultan Selim II to rebuild the damaged parts of the palace. [85] The courtyard was expanded in the 18th century by the addition of the Interval (Mabeyn) and Favourites (İkballer) apartments. They hold a small portion of Topkapı’s vast collection of Chinese celadon porcelain, valued by the sultans for its beauty but also because it was reputed to change colour if touched by poisoned food. [8] In Turkish the current name of the palace, Topkapı, means Cannon Gate. These two rooms date from around 1600; note the painted canvas dome in the first room and the fine İznik tile panels above the fireplace in the second. It was closed for a major restoration when we last visited. [29] An inscription at the door dates this gate to at least 1542. "[58] The present throne in the form of a baldachin was made on the order of Mehmed III. Past the Courtyard of the Valide Sultan is a splendid reception room with a large fireplace that leads to a vestibule covered in Kütahya and İznik tiles dating from the 17th century. In Ottoman times, only the sultan and the valide sultan (mother of the sultan) were allowed through the Middle Gate on horseback. When it reopens it will house the palace's rich collection of imperial robes, kaftans and uniforms worked in silver and gold thread. Embossed inscriptions at the main visitors' door, dating from 1856, contain laudatory words for Sultan Abdülmecid I. It extends between the Courtyard of the Harem Eunuch (Harem Ağaları Taşlığı) and the Privy Chamber (Has Oda). [85] The window shutters next to the fireplace are decorated with nacre intarsia. The Grand Vizier or the commander going to war was entrusted with this banner in a solemn ceremony. The ceiling is partly painted and gold-leafed, with a golden ball hanging from the middle. There are three domed chambers: the first chamber where the Imperial Council held its deliberations is called the Kubbealtı, the second was occupied by the secretarial staff of the Imperial Council, and the third—called Defterhāne—is where the head clerks kept records of the council meetings. The Imperial Council (Dîvân-ı Hümâyûn) building is the chamber where the Imperial Council—consisting of the Grand Vizier (Vazīr-e Azam) and other council ministers (Dîvân Heyeti)—held meetings. The building's facade resembles traditional aviaries. [65], During a 1999 robbery, thieves stole portions of a 12th-century Qur'an from a locked exhibit in the library.[65]. His gilded sword, shield and stirrups are also on display. The mosque is aligned in a diagonal line in the courtyard to make the minbar face Mecca. [18] He was also responsible for the expansion of the Harem. 'Cannon Gate Palace'),[3] or the Seraglio,[4] is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. Avlu), also known as the Imperial Sofa (Sofa-ı Hümâyûn), was more of an innermost private sanctuary of the sultan and his family, and consists of a number of pavilions, kiosks (köşk), gardens and terraces. Ottoman weapons form the bulk of the collection, but it also includes examples of Umayyad and Abbasid swords, as well as Mamluk and Persian armor, helmets, swords and axes. 'Cannon Gate Palace'), or the Seraglio, is a large museum in the east of the Fatih district of Istanbul in Turkey. It was destroyed in the fire of 1856 and rebuilt during the reign of Abdülmecid I. Several displays show an assembly of flintlock guns, swords, spoons, all decorated with gold and jewels. [43] The council building situated in the northwestern corner of the courtyard next to the Gate of Felicity. The Sultan used this gate and the Divan Meydanı square only for special ceremonies. The Twin Kiosk was used as the privy chamber of the crown prince from the 18th century onward. Ottomans called it "The Palace of Felicity". [citation needed], The layout of the Third Courtyard was established by Mehmed II. The gilded chairs are a present of Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany, while the clocks are a gift of Queen Victoria. [35], At the end of the imperial stables are the Dormitories of the Halberdiers with Tresses (Zülüflü Baltacılar Koğuşu). The domed chamber is supported by pillars, some of Byzantine origin since a cross is engraved on one of them. These rooms, sumptuously decorated with İznik tiles, house many relics of the Prophet. Beneath the central arch of the portico is an elaborate drinking fountain with niches on each side. The harem treasury worked here. The rooms on the upper stories were for novices and those below overlooking the courtyard were occupied by the eunuchs who had administrative functions. The window is mentioned for the first time in 1527 by the scholar Celalzade Mustafa Çelebi: "His Majesty [...] had built a high throne and a lofty loggia above the outer Council Hall where viziers sat, inventing a veiled window overlooking the Council Hall below. The throne of Sultan Mahmud I is the centerpiece of the fourth room. The apartment of the Sultan's Favourite Consort along with the Golden Road (Altın Yol) and the Mabeyn section at the ground floor also included the Hall with the Mirrors. The sultans supported as many as 300 concubines in the Harem, although numbers were usually lower than this. The fountain that gives the space its name was moved and is now in the pool of the Privy Chamber of Murad III. The Courtyard of the Sultan's Consorts and the Concubines (Kadın Efendiler Taşlığı / Cariye Taşlığı) was constructed at the same time as the courtyard of the eunuchs in the middle of the 16th century. Afterwards, they were sent as governors to Anatolian provinces, where they were further trained in the administration of state affairs. The entrance to this section is through the three doors in the portico of the Second Courtyard: the Imperial commissariat (lower kitchen) door, imperial kitchen door and the confectionery kitchen door. The Dormitory of the Royal Pages (Hasoda Koğuşu) houses the Imperial Portraits Collection (Padişah Portreleri Sergi Salonu) was part of the Sultan's chambers. The harem wing was only added at the end of the 16th century. The Third Court is entered through the Gate of Felicity. The crown prince and other princes were trained in the discipline of the Ottoman Harem until they reached adulthood. [78], After the Great Harem Fire of 1666, the hall was renovated in the rococo style during the reign of Sultan Osman III. This square building is an Ottoman kiosk, surrounded by a colonnade of 22 columns supporting the large roof with hanging eaves. The paintwork with panoramic views in the upper rooms is in the Western European style of the 18th and 19th centuries.[74][77]. blog.frasershospitality.com. Pleasure pavilions occupy the palace's Fourth Court. In the early days white eunuchs were used, but black eunuchs sent as presents by the Ottoman governor of Egypt later took control. [57] According to a contemporary account by envoy Cornelius Duplicius de Schepper in 1533: "The Emperor was seated on a slightly elevated throne completely covered with gold cloth, replete and strewn with numerous precious stones, and there were on all sides many cushions of inestimable value; the walls of the chamber were covered with mosaic works spangled with azure and gold; the exterior of the fireplace of this chamber of solid silver and covered with gold, and at one side of the chamber from a fountain water gushed forth from a wall. The harem section opens into the Second Courtyard (Divan Meydanı), which the Gate of Carriages (Arabalar Kapısı) also opens to. Adjoining this is the Mosque of the Black Eunuchs, which features depictions of Mecca on its 17th-century tiles. In more prosaic reality, these were the imperial family quarters, and every detail of Harem life was governed by tradition, obligation and ceremony. This stone was erected in commemoration of a record rifle shot by Selim III in 1790. The layout and appearance of Topkapı Palace was unique amongst not only European travellers, but also Islamic or oriental palaces. [13] Various buildings and pavilions surrounded the innermost core and winded down the promontory towards the shores of the Bosphorus. The sides with baroque decorative elements and miniature paintings of landscapes. The architects had to ensure that even within the palace, the sultan and his family could enjoy a maximum of privacy and discretion, making use of grilled windows and building secret passageways. When it re-opens, look out for the jewel-encrusted Sword of Süleyman the Magnificent and the extraordinary Throne of Ahmed I (aka Arife Throne), which is inlaid with mother-of-pearl and was designed by Sedefhar Mehmet Ağa, architect of the Blue Mosque. The decorative tiles, reflecting the high quality craftsmanship of the İznik tile industry of the 17th century,[84] were removed in accordance with the original concept and replaced with modern copies. The Büyük Biniş and the Şal Kapısı, which connected the Harem, the Privy Garden, the Mosque of the Harem Eunuchs and the Tower of Justice from where the sultan watched the deliberations of the Imperial Council, led to this place. Pendant des siècles (1465-1863), le Palais de Topkapı fut la résidence en titre du Sultan Ottoman. The complex includes the dormitory of the Harem eunuchs behind the portico, the quarters of the Chief Harem Eunuch (Darüssaade Ağası) and the School of Princes as well as the Gentlemen-in-Waiting of the Sultan (Musahipler Dairesi) and the sentry post next to it. On the eastern edge of the Third Court is the Dormitory of the Expeditionary Force, which was closed for restoration at the time of research. Français : Le palais de Topkapı (en turc : Topkapı Sarayı [top.kɑ. Female members of the Sultan's family lived in the harem, and leading state officials, including the Grand Vizier, held meetings in the Imperial Council building. These are all enriched with blue-and-white or yellow-and-green tiles with flowery motifs and İznik porcelain from the 17th century. The latter is lined with wooden panels decorated with images of flowers and fruits painted in lacquer. The rectilinear Terrace Kiosk (Sofa Köşku / Merdiven Başı Kasrı), also erroneously known as Kiosk of Kara Mustafa Pasha (Mustafa Paşa Köşkü), was a belvedere built in the second half of the 16th century. It leads directly to the Hagia Sophia and turns northwest towards the palace square to the Fountain of Ahmed III. [citation needed]. While the pillars are an earlier Ottoman style, the wall paintings and decorations are from the later rococo period. It was a design of the master architect Sinan and dates from the 16th century. The halberdiers wore long tresses to signify their higher position. The spaces surrounding this courtyard were rebuilt after the great fire of 1665. Next to it is the small but very colourful Privy Chamber of Ahmed III (III. Only two of these rooms are open to the public: the dining room[75] with, in the upper gallery, the reception room and her bedroom with,[75] behind a lattice work, a small room for prayer. [39][41] Records indicate that by the 18th century the palace collection had 16,566 pieces of Chinese porcelain, compared to 400 pieces in the 16th century and 3,645 pieces in the 17th century. Dating from 1578, virtually all of its decoration is original and is thought to be the work of Sinan. The walls were revetted with 18th-century European tiles with baroque decorations. Various related buildings such as small summer palaces (kasır), pavilions, kiosks (köşk) and other structures for royal pleasures and functions formerly existed at the shore in an area known as the Fifth Courtyard, but have disappeared over time due to neglect and the construction of the shoreline railroad in the 19th century. On your left is the Byzantine church of Hagia Eirene, more commonly known as Aya İrini. Next to the sacred Safekeeping Rooms is the Dormitory of the Privy Chamber, which houses an exhibit of portraits of 36 sultans. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Resmi Facebook Adresi It was built on the foundations of the earlier Havuzlu kiosk by the royal architect Mimar Beşir Ağa in 1719 on orders of Ahmed III for use by officials of the royal household. As many as 200 lived here, guarding the doors and waiting on the women of the Harem. It was brought to the palace from Levend in the 1930s. The portrait of Mehmed II was painted by the Venetian painter Gentile Bellini. The kitchens are located on an internal street stretching between the Second Courtyard and the Marmara Sea. The historian Afa writes that the tower was more than two floors higher than today but today it only has two storeys left. Adjacent to the north of the Imperial Treasury lays the pages dormitory, which has been turned into the Miniature and Portrait Gallery (Müzesi Müdüriyeti). In the 15th and 16th centuries it served as the main residence and administrative headquarters of the Ottoman sultans. Inside the gate is the Dome with Cupboards, the Harem treasury where financial records were kept. Of special interest is the gold shrine that used to contain the cloak of Mohammed. Parts of the harem were redecorated under the sultans Mahmud I and Osman III in an Italian-inspired Ottoman Baroque style. The council met here to discuss matters of state, and the sultan sometimes eavesdropped through the gold grille high in the wall. A jade bowl, shaped like a vessel, was a present of Czar Nicholas II of Russia. In 1747, the Sultan Mahmud I had this dagger made for Nader Shah of Persia, but the Shah was assassinated in connection with a revolt before the emissary had left the Ottoman Empire's boundaries. The Conqueror's Pavilion, also called the Conqueror's Kiosk (Fatih Köşkü) is one of the oldest buildings inside the palace. Some sources mention this resting place as the "Moonlit Seat". The golden scabbard is covered with diamonds and enamel. Topkapi Palace virtual tours can be started by clicking the preview window or by downloading the stand-alone versions. The inscription at the gate of the mosque indicated that it was restored under Sultan Abdülmecid I in 1858. Both are based on the classical four-iwan plan with sofas filling the rectangular bays. This basic layout governed the pattern of future renovations and extensions. If you decide to visit – and we highly recommend that you do – you'll need to buy a dedicated ticket. His private quarters would be located at the highest point of the promontory. Until the late 19th century, there had been a small inner court in this corner of the Enderûn Courtyard. The trees nonetheless survive and remain standing. The Ottomans had access to Chinese porcelains from the mid-fifteenth century onward. [37] The rebuilt kitchens form two rows of 20 wide chimneys; these chimneys were added by Mimar Sinan. The library collection consisted of more than 3,500 manuscripts. [citation needed] It houses the Imperial Treasury (Hazine-i Âmire).[64]. The Imperial Gate is the main entrance into the First Courtyard. [citation needed] The exterior of the building is faced with marble. Legend has it that this diamond was bought by a vizier in a bazaar, the owner thinking it was a worthless piece of crystal. [30] This was also a Byzantine tradition taken from the Chalke Gate of the Great Palace. These tiles then served as prototypes for the decoration of the Yerevan and Baghdad kiosks. #Turquie Istanbul #Topkapi palais des sultans Ottomans ... 480 x 360 jpeg 41kB. Les logements des favorites et des épouses officielles (xv e-XIXe siècle) font face aux appartements des princes. The staircase, called the "Forty Steps" (Kirkmerdiven), leads to the Hospital of the Harem (Harem Hastanesi), the dormitories of the concubines at the basement of the Harem and Harem Gardens. From their seaside palaces in coloured glass look out across the terrace with a central... 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